AOD9604 Technical Manual¶
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Document Title | AOD9604 — Complete Technical Documentation |
| Document ID | RPL-TM-AOD-001 |
| Document Type | Complete Technical Documentation Manual |
| Publisher | RPL Peptide (Qingdao RPL Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) |
| Version | 1.0 |
| Revision Date | July 2026 |
| Status | Current |
| Intended Audience | Research laboratories, procurement professionals, quality assurance teams, biotechnology organizations, and scientific researchers |
| Scope | This manual covers the complete technical documentation for AOD9604 (CAS: 2212311-22-3), including product specifications, analytical methods, safety data, handling protocols, quality standards, and supporting reference materials for laboratory research use. |
| Keywords | AOD9604, HGH fragment 176-191, synthetic peptide, growth hormone fragment, research peptide, laboratory reagent |
| How to Cite This Document | RPL Peptide. (2026). AOD9604 Technical Manual (Version 1.0). RPL Peptide Official Technical Documentation. https://rplpeptides.com |
Table of Contents¶
| Chapter | Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | Technical Data Sheet |
| 2 | Certificates of Analysis |
| 3 | Product Specifications |
| 4 | Safety Data Sheet |
| 5 | HPLC Library |
| 6 | Mass Spectra Library |
| 7 | Storage Guide |
| 8 | Solubility Guide |
| 9 | Reconstitution Guide |
| 10 | Stability Guide |
| 11 | Analytical Methods |
| 12 | Quality Standards |
| 13 | White Paper |
| 14 | Technical Bulletin |
| 15 | Application Notes |
| 16 | FAQ Library |
| 17 | Peptide Glossary |
| 18 | Documentation Policy |
Chapter 1: Technical Data Sheet¶
Official Technical Documentation
Technical Data Sheet
Product Overview¶
AOD9604 (also known as HGH Fragment 176-191) is a synthetic research peptide derived from a modified fragment of human growth hormone. It is widely referenced in scientific literature for peptide characterization, analytical method development, and preclinical experimental investigations.
Product Specifications¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Product Name | AOD9604 |
| CAS Number | 2212311-22-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₇₈H₁₂₃N₂₃O₂₃S₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 1,815.08 Da |
| Peptide Type | Synthetic peptide, HGH Fragment 176-191 |
| Amino Acid Count | 16 |
| Appearance | White to Off-White Lyophilized Powder |
| Purity (HPLC) | ≥98% |
| Peptide Content | 70–90% |
| Water Content (KF) | <5% |
| Endotoxin | <5 EU/mg |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, PBS, saline |
| pH (1% Solution) | 4.0–6.5 |
| Storage (Lyophilized) | -20°C (2+ years) |
| Storage (4°C) | 12 months |
| Reconstituted Stability | 2–8°C for 30 days |
| Package Sizes | 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg per vial, 10 vials per box |
| Certification | COA, HPLC, LC-MS |
Molecular Characteristics¶
- Molecular Class: Synthetic research peptide/biochemical
- Structural Features: Linear peptide sequence with standard amino acid composition
- Research Category: Biochemical research, cell biology, metabolic studies
- Mechanism of Interest: Receptor-mediated signaling / Biochemical activity
Quality Assurance¶
Each batch is tested using validated analytical methods:
- HPLC purity analysis at 214 nm
- LC-MS molecular weight confirmation (±0.5 Da)
- Amino acid analysis for sequence verification
- Karl Fischer water content determination
- LAL endotoxin testing
Reconstitution Protocol¶
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| 1 | Allow vial to reach room temperature (15–25°C) before opening |
| 2 | Reconstitute with sterile water-for-injection, PBS, or 0.9% saline |
| 3 | Gently swirl; do not vortex |
| 4 | Allow 5–10 minutes for complete dissolution |
| 5 | Use within 30 days when stored at 2–8°C |
| 6 | Aliquot to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles |
Regulatory Disclaimer¶
AOD9604 is sold for laboratory research use only. It is not for human or veterinary use, not for diagnostic purposes, and not for therapeutic applications. This product is not a drug, food, cosmetic, or medicinal product.
Chapter 2: Certificates of Analysis¶
Official Technical Documentation
Certificate of Analysis
Certificate of Analysis Template¶
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Certificate No. | [COA Number] |
| Product Name | [Product Name] |
| Batch/Lot Number | [Batch Number] |
| Date of Analysis | [Analysis Date] |
| Date of Manufacture | [Manufacture Date] |
| Expiry Date | [Expiry Date] |
| Quantity | [Quantity] |
| Manufacturer | Qingdao RPL Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
Analytical Results¶
| Parameter | Specification | Result | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white powder | Conforms | Visual |
| Purity (HPLC) | ≥98.0% | [HPLC Result] | HPLC 214 nm |
| Peptide Content | 70–90% | [Content Result] | UV 280 nm |
| Mass (LC-MS) | ±0.5 Da of calculated | [Mass Result] | LC-MS ESI-TOF |
| Water Content (KF) | <5.0% | [KF Result] | Karl Fischer |
| Endotoxin (LAL) | <5.0 EU/mg | [LAL Result] | Kinetic LAL |
| pH (1% Solution) | 4.0–6.5 | [pH Result] | Potentiometric |
System Suitability¶
| Parameter | Specification | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Theoretical Plates (HPLC) | ≥2000 | [Plate Result] |
| Tailing Factor | 0.8–1.8 | [Tailing Result] |
| Retention Time RSD | ≤2.0% (n=3) | [RT RSD] |
| Signal-to-Noise | ≥10:1 | [S/N Result] |
QC Review¶
| Role | Name | Date | Signature |
|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst | [Analyst Name] | [Date] | _____ |
| QC Reviewer | [Reviewer Name] | [Date] | _____ |
| QA Approval | [QA Name] | [Date] | _____ |
Notes¶
- Full analytical data and chromatograms available upon request
- Batch records retained for 5+ years
- This certificate applies only to the batch listed above
- Results reported are for the tested sample only
Chapter 3: Product Specifications¶
Official Technical Documentation
Product Specifications
General Information¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Product Name | AOD9604 |
| CAS Number | 2212311-22-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C₇₈H₁₂₃N₂₃O₂₃S₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 1,815.08 Da |
| Product Type | Synthetic peptide, HGH Fragment 176-191 |
| IUPAC Name | Refer to technical data sheet for full chemical name |
Physical Properties¶
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white lyophilized powder |
| Physical State | Solid (lyophilized) |
| pH (1% w/v in Water) | 4.0–6.5 |
| Solubility in Water | >5 mg/mL |
| Solubility in PBS | >5 mg/mL |
| Solubility in Saline | >5 mg/mL |
| Bulk Density | 0.3–0.6 g/mL (typical) |
Purity and Quality Specifications¶
| Parameter | Limit | Method |
|---|---|---|
| HPLC Purity | ≥98% | RP-HPLC, 214 nm |
| Peptide Content | 70–90% | UV Spectrophotometry |
| Water Content (KF) | <5.0% | Karl Fischer |
| Endotoxin | <5 EU/mg | Kinetic LAL |
| Residual TFA | <10.0% w/w | HPLC or IC |
| Residual Solvents | <0.5% per ICH Q3C | GC Headspace |
| Bioburden | <100 CFU/g | USP <61> |
Packaging Specifications¶
| Component | Specification |
|---|---|
| Primary Container | Type I borosilicate glass vial |
| Closure | Bromobutyl rubber stopper |
| Seal | Aluminum flip-off seal |
| Filling Environment | Class 100 (ISO 5) cleanroom |
| Packaging Quantity | 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg per vial, 10 vials per box |
| Secondary Packaging | Box of 10 vials |
Storage and Shipping¶
| Condition | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | -20°C ± 5°C (long term) |
| Short-Term Storage | 2–8°C (up to 12 months) |
| Shipping Condition | Dry ice or gel packs with temperature logger |
| Shelf Life | 2–5 years from manufacture date |
| Protection | Protect from light and moisture |
Regulatory Classification¶
| Jurisdiction | Classification |
|---|---|
| US | Research chemical, not for human use |
| EU | Laboratory reagent, not a medicinal product |
| CN | Research reagent, not a pharmaceutical API |
| Customs Code (HS) | 2934.99 (Other heterocyclic compounds) |
Chapter 4: Safety Data Sheet¶
Official Technical Documentation
Safety Data Sheet
SECTION 1: Identification¶
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Product Identifier | RPL Peptide Product |
| Recommended Use | Laboratory research use only |
| Restrictions on Use | Not for human or veterinary use, not for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes |
| Supplier | Qingdao RPL Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
| Emergency Phone | Contact supplier |
SECTION 2: Hazard(s) Identification¶
| Classification | Category |
|---|---|
| GHS Classification | Not classified as hazardous under normal laboratory use |
| Primary Hazards | Irritant (eye, skin, respiratory) possible with prolonged exposure |
| Signal Word | Warning |
| Hazard Statements | H315: Causes skin irritation; H319: Causes serious eye irritation; H335: May cause respiratory irritation |
SECTION 3: Composition / Information on Ingredients¶
| Component | Concentration | CAS Number |
|---|---|---|
| Synthetic Peptide/Compound | >95% | Product-specific |
| Residual TFA (if applicable) | <10% | 76-05-1 |
| Water | <5% | 7732-18-5 |
SECTION 4: First Aid Measures¶
| Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist |
| Skin Contact | Wash with soap and water for 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing |
| Eye Contact | Rinse with water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth; seek medical attention; do not induce vomiting |
SECTION 5: Firefighting Measures¶
| Property | Detail |
|---|---|
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water spray, dry chemical, CO₂, alcohol-resistant foam |
| Specific Hazards | May emit toxic fumes (NOx, CO, CO₂) under thermal decomposition |
| Special Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus for enclosed spaces |
| Flash Point | Not applicable (solid) |
SECTION 6: Accidental Release Measures¶
| Action | Procedure |
|---|---|
| Personal Precautions | Wear PPE (gloves, lab coat, safety goggles) |
| Containment | Prevent spread; cover with absorbent material |
| Cleanup | Collect using damp cloth or vacuum with HEPA filter |
| Disposal | Transfer to sealed container for disposal per local regulations |
SECTION 7: Handling and Storage¶
| Condition | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Handling Precautions | Use in well-ventilated area; avoid dust generation; wear appropriate PPE |
| Storage Conditions | -20°C, dry, protected from light |
| Incompatible Materials | Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids/bases |
| Storage Area | Cool, dry, well-ventilated chemical storage |
SECTION 8: Exposure Controls / Personal Protection¶
| Parameter | Limit |
|---|---|
| Occupational Exposure Limit | Not established |
| Engineering Controls | Fume hood recommended |
| Respiratory Protection | Not required under normal use; N95 if aerosol generation possible |
| Hand Protection | Nitrile or latex laboratory gloves |
| Eye Protection | Safety goggles or face shield |
| Skin Protection | Laboratory coat |
SECTION 9: Physical and Chemical Properties¶
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white lyophilized powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| pH (1% Solution) | 4.0–6.5 |
| Melting Point | Decomposes before melting (>200°C) |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, PBS, saline |
| Vapor Pressure | Not applicable (solid) |
| Density | Not determined |
SECTION 10: Stability and Reactivity¶
| Property | Detail |
|---|---|
| Reactivity | Stable under recommended storage conditions |
| Chemical Stability | Stable in lyophilized form |
| Hazardous Decomposition | Thermal decomposition: NOx, CO, CO₂ |
| Conditions to Avoid | High temperature, moisture, repeated freeze-thaw |
SECTION 11: Toxicological Information¶
| Route | Assessment |
|---|---|
| Acute Toxicity | Not classified as acutely toxic |
| Skin Corrosion/Irritation | May cause mild irritation |
| Serious Eye Damage/Irritation | May cause mild irritation |
| Respiratory Sensitization | Not expected |
| Germ Cell Mutagenicity | Not classified |
| Reproductive Toxicity | Not classified |
| STOT (Single Exposure) | Not classified |
| STOT (Repeated Exposure) | Not classified |
SECTION 12: Ecological Information¶
| Parameter | Assessment |
|---|---|
| Ecotoxicity | No data available; avoid environmental release |
| Persistence/Degradability | Expected to biodegrade (peptide material) |
| Bioaccumulation | Not expected to bioaccumulate |
| Mobility in Soil | Soluble in water; may be mobile |
SECTION 13: Disposal Considerations¶
| Parameter | Detail |
|---|---|
| Waste Classification | Chemical waste / laboratory waste |
| Disposal Method | Incineration at licensed facility per local regulations |
| Contaminated Packaging | Decontaminate or dispose as chemical waste |
SECTION 14: Transport Information¶
| Regulation | Classification |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not regulated (typically) |
| UN Proper Shipping Name | Not dangerous goods |
| Transport Class | Not classified |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| Special Precautions | Keep cool and dry during transport |
SECTION 15: Regulatory Information¶
| Regulation | Status |
|---|---|
| TSCA (US) | Not listed (research chemical) |
| REACH (EU) | Not registered (research chemical exemption) |
| EINECS | Not listed |
| China REACH | Not registered |
| WHMIS (Canada) | Not classified |
SECTION 16: Other Information¶
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| SDS Date | July 2026 |
| SDS Version | 1.0 |
| Prepared By | RPL Peptide Safety Department |
| Abbreviations | GHS: Globally Harmonized System; PPE: Personal Protective Equipment; STOT: Specific Target Organ Toxicity |
| Disclaimer | The information provided is based on current knowledge and is intended for use as a safety guideline. Users should conduct their own risk assessment. |
Chapter 5: HPLC Library¶
Official Technical Documentation
HPLC Library
Analytical Method¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Method | Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) |
| Column | C18, 5 μm, 4.6 × 250 mm |
| Mobile Phase A | 0.1% TFA in Water |
| Mobile Phase B | 0.1% TFA in Acetonitrile |
| Gradient | 5–65% B over 30 minutes |
| Flow Rate | 1.0 mL/min |
| Detection | UV at 214 nm and 280 nm |
| Injection Volume | 10 μL |
| Column Temperature | 30°C |
| Run Time | 40 minutes |
| Sample Concentration | 1.0 mg/mL in water or mobile phase A |
System Suitability Criteria¶
| Parameter | Limit |
|---|---|
| Theoretical Plates | ≥2000 |
| Tailing Factor | 0.8–1.8 |
| Retention Time RSD | ≤2.0% (n=3) |
| Peak Area RSD | ≤2.0% (n=3) |
| Signal-to-Noise | ≥10:1 |
Acceptance Criteria¶
| Parameter | Limit |
|---|---|
| Main Peak Purity Angle vs Threshold | Purity angle < Purity threshold |
| Single Maximum Impurity | <1.0% |
| Total Impurities | <2.0% |
| Purity by Area % | ≥98.0% |
Peak Identification¶
| Peak | Retention Time (min) | Relative Area (%) | Identity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [RT-Imp1] | [%] | Impurity |
| 2 | [RT-Main] | ≥98.0% | Main Peak |
| 3 | [RT-Imp2] | [%] | Impurity |
Notes¶
- Each batch receives its own HPLC analysis
- Full chromatograms archived and available upon request
- Method validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness
Chapter 6: Mass Spectra Library¶
Official Technical Documentation
Mass Spectra Library
Analytical Method¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Method | Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) |
| Ionization | Electrospray Ionization (ESI), Positive Mode |
| Mass Analyzer | Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (Q-TOF) |
| Scan Range | m/z 500–2500 |
| Resolution | ≥20,000 (FWHM) |
| Mass Accuracy | ±0.5 Da |
System Suitability Criteria¶
| Parameter | Limit |
|---|---|
| Mass Accuracy | ±0.5 Da of calculated value |
| Signal-to-Noise | ≥10:1 for base peak |
Acceptance Criteria¶
- Mass accuracy within ±0.5 Da of calculated monoisotopic mass
- Charge state series consistent with expected molecular weight
- No significant mass shift or adduct interference
Batch-Specific Data¶
| Batch Number | Observed Mass (Da) | Mass Accuracy (Da) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Batch-001] | — | — | — |
Notes¶
- Mass spectrometry confirms peptide identity and molecular integrity
- Full mass spectra archived and available upon request
- Deconvolution performed using MaxEnt or similar algorithm
Chapter 7: Storage Guide¶
Official Technical Documentation
Storage Guide
Recommended Storage Conditions¶
Short-Term Storage¶
| Condition | Duration | Container |
|---|---|---|
| 2–8°C (Refrigerated) | Up to 12 months | Sealed, original vial |
| -20°C (Freezer) | 2+ years | Sealed, original vial |
| Room Temperature (15–25°C) | Up to 30 days | Sealed, desiccated |
Long-Term Storage¶
| Condition | Duration | Container |
|---|---|---|
| -20°C (Freezer) | 2+ years | Sealed, original vial, desiccated |
| -80°C (Ultra-Low) | 5+ years | Sealed, original vial |
Reconstituted Product Storage¶
| Condition | Duration | Container |
|---|---|---|
| 2–8°C (Refrigerated) | Up to 30 days | Sealed, sterile vial |
| Room Temperature | Up to 7 days | Sealed, sterile vial |
| -20°C (Aliquoted) | Up to 6 months | Sterile, low-binding tubes |
Critical Storage Rules¶
- Keep sealed — Protect from atmospheric moisture
- Protect from light — Store in original packaging or opaque container
- Control humidity — Use desiccant in storage environment if possible
- Avoid freeze-thaw — Repeated temperature cycling may degrade peptide
- Temperature stability — Avoid prolonged exposure above 25°C
Chapter 8: Solubility Guide¶
Official Technical Documentation
Solubility Guide
Solubility Data¶
| Solvent | Solubility | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|
| Water-for-Injection | >5 mg/mL | Preferred for most applications |
| PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) | >5 mg/mL | Recommended for biological assays |
| 0.9% Saline | >5 mg/mL | Suitable for in vivo studies |
| DMSO | >10 mg/mL | For stock solutions; limit to <0.1% final in cell assays |
| Ethanol | <1 mg/mL | Not recommended |
| Methanol | 1–5 mg/mL | For analytical purposes only |
| Acetonitrile | 1–5 mg/mL | For HPLC analysis only |
Solubilization Protocol¶
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| 1 | Warm product vial to room temperature before opening |
| 2 | Add solvent (water, PBS, or saline) gently down the vial wall |
| 3 | Allow 2–5 minutes for initial wetting of lyophilized cake |
| 4 | Gently swirl or invert vial — do NOT vortex |
| 5 | If particles persist, allow additional 5–10 minutes at room temperature |
| 6 | Visually confirm complete dissolution with no particulate matter |
Chapter 9: Reconstitution Guide¶
Official Technical Documentation
Reconstitution Guide
Reconstitution Protocol¶
| Step | Action | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Equilibrate | Allow sealed vial to reach room temperature (15–25°C) for 15–20 minutes |
| 2 | Prepare solvent | Use sterile water-for-injection, PBS, or 0.9% saline |
| 3 | Add solvent | Inject solvent gently against the inner wall of the vial — avoid direct stream onto powder |
| 4 | Dissolve | Gently swirl or rotate the vial — do NOT vortex or shake vigorously |
| 5 | Rest | Allow 5–10 minutes for complete dissolution at room temperature |
| 6 | Inspect | Visually confirm clear, particle-free solution |
Reconstitution Volume Guide¶
| Vial Size | Recommended Solvent Volume | Resulting Concentration |
|---|---|---|
| 2 mg | 0.5–1.0 mL | 2–4 mg/mL |
| 5 mg | 1.0–2.0 mL | 2.5–5 mg/mL |
| 10 mg | 1.0–2.0 mL | 5–10 mg/mL |
| 20 mg | 2.0–4.0 mL | 5–10 mg/mL |
| 50 mg | 5.0–10.0 mL | 5–10 mg/mL |
Best Practices¶
- Use sterile, RNase/DNase-free water or buffer
- Vortexing and sonication can cause aggregation; avoid if possible
- For long-term reconstituted storage, aliquot into single-use portions
- Label aliquots with product name, concentration, date, and operator
- Store aliquots at -20°C for up to 6 months
- Avoid more than 3 freeze-thaw cycles per aliquot
Chapter 10: Stability Guide¶
Official Technical Documentation
Stability Guide
Stability Summary¶
| Condition | Duration | Purity Retained |
|---|---|---|
| Lyophilized, -20°C | 2+ years | ≥97% |
| Lyophilized, 4°C | 12 months | ≥97% |
| Lyophilized, 25°C | 30 days | ≥95% |
| Lyophilized, 40°C | 7 days | ≥90% |
| Reconstituted, 2–8°C | 30 days | ≥95% |
| Reconstituted, 25°C | 7 days | ≥90% |
| Reconstituted, -20°C (aliquoted) | 6 months | ≥95% |
| In solution, repeated freeze-thaw | 3 cycles | ≥95% |
Degradation Indicators¶
| Observation | Likely Cause | Recommended Action |
|---|---|---|
| Loss of solubility | Aggregation | Discard; obtain fresh material |
| Change in appearance | Moisture absorption | Discard; check storage conditions |
| Reduced HPLC purity | Chemical degradation | Replace from fresh batch |
| Increase in impurities | Hydrolysis or oxidation | Review storage temperature |
Chapter 11: Analytical Methods¶
Official Technical Documentation
Analytical Methods
Method Overview¶
RPL Peptide utilizes a comprehensive suite of validated analytical methods to ensure the identity, purity, quantity, and safety of all products.
1. HPLC Method (Purity Analysis)¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Method | Reversed-Phase HPLC |
| Column | C18, 5 μm, 4.6 × 250 mm |
| Mobile Phase A | 0.1% TFA in Water |
| Mobile Phase B | 0.1% TFA in Acetonitrile |
| Gradient | 5–65% B over 30 min |
| Detection | UV 214 nm, 280 nm |
| Flow Rate | 1.0 mL/min |
| Injection | 10 μL of 1 mg/mL solution |
| Run Time | 40 min |
2. LC-MS Method (Identity Confirmation)¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Method | LC-MS with ESI-TOF |
| Column | C18, 3.5 μm, 2.1 × 150 mm |
| Mobile Phase | 0.1% Formic acid in Water/ACN |
| Ionization | ESI Positive Mode |
| Scan Range | m/z 300–2500 |
| Mass Accuracy | ±0.5 Da |
3. Karl Fischer Method (Water Content)¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Method | Coulometric Karl Fischer |
| Sample Size | 5–10 mg |
| Reagent | Hydranal-Coulomat AG |
| Limit | <5.0% w/w |
4. LAL Endotoxin Testing¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Method | Kinetic Chromogenic LAL |
| Standard Range | 0.005–50 EU/mL |
| Sample Dilution | 1:100 or 1:1000 |
| Limit | <5.0 EU/mg (<1.0 EU/mg for specific products) |
Chapter 12: Quality Standards¶
Official Technical Documentation
Quality Standards
Quality Policy¶
RPL Peptide is committed to providing research-grade peptides and biochemicals that meet or exceed customer expectations for purity, consistency, and documentation. Our quality management system ensures:
- Batch-to-batch consistency through validated manufacturing processes
- Comprehensive analytical testing for every batch
- Full traceability from raw materials to finished product
- Continuous improvement through customer feedback and internal audits
Manufacturing Standards¶
| Standard | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Synthesis | Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) with Fmoc chemistry |
| Cleavage | TFA-based cleavage with appropriate scavengers |
| Purification | Preparative RP-HPLC (≥95% purity target before QC) |
| Final QC | 100% batch testing before release |
| Cleanroom | Class 100 (ISO 5) filling environment |
| Water System | USP Purified Water / WFI quality |
Analytical Specifications¶
| Test | Acceptance Criteria |
|---|---|
| HPLC Purity | ≥98.0% (area % at 214 nm) |
| LC-MS Identity | Within ±0.5 Da of calculated mass |
| Peptide Content | 70–90% by UV or other methods |
| Water Content | <5.0% by Karl Fischer |
| Endotoxin | <5.0 EU/mg |
| Appearance | White to off-white lyophilized powder |
Chapter 13: White Paper¶
Official Technical Documentation
White Paper
Abstract¶
This white paper provides a comprehensive overview of AOD9604, a research-grade Synthetic peptide, HGH Fragment 176-191 manufactured by RPL Peptide. It covers the biochemical background, research applications, analytical characterization, and quality considerations relevant to laboratory research use.
1. Introduction¶
AOD9604 (also known as HGH Fragment 176-191) is a synthetic research peptide derived from a modified fragment of human growth hormone. It is widely referenced in scientific literature for peptide characterization, analytical method development, and preclinical experimental investigations.
Research applications for this class of molecule continue to expand, driven by advances in peptide chemistry, understanding of receptor pharmacology, and growing interest in metabolic pathways.
2. Biochemical Background¶
Synthetic peptides and biochemical coenzymes represent a critical category of research tools for investigating cellular signaling, metabolic regulation, and physiological processes. AOD9604 is produced through solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), enabling precise control over sequence, purity, and structural integrity.
2.1 Synthesis and Characterization¶
The manufacturing process involves:
- Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: Stepwise assembly on resin support using Fmoc chemistry
- Cleavage and Deprotection: TFA-mediated cleavage with appropriate scavengers
- Preparative Purification: RP-HPLC to achieve target purity
- Lyophilization: Gentle freeze-drying to produce stable powder
- Comprehensive QC: Multi-method analytical testing per batch
3. Quality by Design¶
RPL Peptide's quality system incorporates quality-by-design principles, including raw material qualification, process validation, in-process controls, final product testing, and stability monitoring.
4. Documentation and Support¶
Each shipment includes Certificate of Analysis with batch-specific data, HPLC chromatogram, LC-MS data, Safety Data Sheet, and product specification document.
5. Regulatory and Ethical Considerations¶
AOD9604 is manufactured and supplied exclusively for laboratory research use. It is not intended for human or veterinary administration, therapeutic use, or diagnostic applications.
Chapter 14: Technical Bulletin¶
Official Technical Documentation
Technical Bulletin
Bulletin No.: RPL-TB-001-001
Date: July 2026
Subject: Handling and Quality Considerations for AOD9604
1. Purpose¶
This technical bulletin provides supplementary information on the proper handling, storage, and quality assurance of AOD9604 for laboratory research.
2. Quality Considerations¶
2.1 Batch Variability¶
While RPL Peptide maintains strict quality control, minor batch-to-batch variation in the following parameters may occur:
- Peptide content (within 70–90% specification)
- Residual TFA/counterion content
- Trace moisture levels
2.2 Purity Profiles¶
All batches meet ≥98% HPLC purity. The impurity profile typically consists of truncated sequences, oxidation products, and deletion sequences.
3. Common Challenges and Solutions¶
| Challenge | Solution |
|---|---|
| Slow dissolution | Allow longer equilibration time; gently warm to 25°C |
| Cloudy solution | Filter through 0.22 μm filter; check pH compatibility |
| Loss of activity | Verify storage temperature; use fresh aliquots |
| Precipitation | Dilute further; check buffer compatibility |
4. Contact Information¶
For technical inquiries regarding this bulletin:
RPL Peptide Quality Department
Website: www.rplpeptides.com
Chapter 15: Application Notes¶
Official Technical Documentation
Application Note
1. Introduction¶
This application note provides standardized protocols for using AOD9604 in common in vitro research applications. These protocols are intended as starting points; optimization for specific cell types and experimental conditions may be required.
2. Preparation of Stock Solutions¶
2.1 Materials Required¶
- AOD9604 (lyophilized powder)
- Sterile water for injection (WFI) or PBS (pH 7.4)
- Low-binding microcentrifuge tubes
- Analytical balance (precision ±0.01 mg)
- pH meter (calibrated)
2.2 Stock Solution Preparation¶
| Step | Action | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Equilibrate lyophilized product to room temperature (15–30 min) | Prevents moisture condensation |
| 2 | Reconstitute in appropriate volume of WFI or PBS | Calculate for target stock concentration |
| 3 | Gently swirl or invert to dissolve | Do NOT vortex — causes aggregation |
| 4 | Visually inspect for complete dissolution | Clear, no particulates |
| 5 | Aliquot into single-use tubes | Avoid repeated freeze-thaw |
| 6 | Store at -20°C | Stable up to 6 months |
2.3 Concentration Calculation¶
Stock Concentration (M) = Mass (mg) / [Molecular Weight (g/mol) × Volume (L)]
3. Cell-Based Functional Assay Protocol¶
3.1 Materials Required¶
- AOD9604 (reconstituted stock solution)
- Appropriate cell line expressing target receptor/pathway
- Cell culture medium (serum-free for treatments)
- 96-well or 384-well culture plates
- Assay detection kit
- Microplate reader
- Positive and vehicle controls
3.2 Cell Preparation¶
| Step | Action | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Culture cells to 70–80% confluence | 2–3 days |
| 2 | Serum-starve overnight before assay | 16–18 h |
| 3 | Harvest and count cells | 5 min |
| 4 | Resuspend in assay buffer | — |
| 5 | Seed at 5,000–10,000 cells/well | 15 min |
| 6 | Equilibrate | 30 min |
3.3 Compound Treatment¶
| Step | Action | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Prepare serial dilutions of AOD9604 | 10⁻¹² to 10⁻⁶ M, 10-fold steps |
| 2 | Add 50 µL per well | Triplicate per concentration |
| 3 | Incubate for 30 min | Optimize per assay |
| 4 | Stop reaction | Per kit instructions |
| 5 | Measure endpoint | Within specified time window |
3.4 Data Analysis¶
| Parameter | Software | Model |
|---|---|---|
| EC₅₀ / IC₅₀ | GraphPad Prism | Log(agonist) vs. response — variable slope |
| Statistics | GraphPad Prism | ANOVA with post-hoc test |
| Z' factor | Manual | Z' = 1 − [3(SD₊ + SD₋) / |
3.5 Quality Control Criteria¶
| Parameter | Acceptance |
|---|---|
| Z' factor | > 0.5 (acceptable); > 0.7 (excellent) |
| Positive control EC₅₀ | Within ±0.5 log of historical mean |
| Vehicle control | No significant signal above baseline |
| CV (triplicates) | < 15% |
4. Troubleshooting¶
| Problem | Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| High baseline | Vehicle interference | Reduce DMSO ≤0.1%; use PBS vehicle |
| No dose-response | Compound degradation | Verify storage; use fresh aliquot |
| Incubation too short | Extend 30→60 min | |
| High variability | Poor cell seeding | Pre-coat plates with poly-D-lysine |
| EC₅₀ shift | Serum interference | Ensure complete serum removal |
5. Notes and Considerations¶
- Include positive and negative controls in every experiment
- Use low-binding tubes and tips
- Prepare fresh stock or use single-use aliquots
- Triplicate, repeat ≥3 independent times
- Record batch numbers for compound, cells, and reagents
Chapter 16: FAQ Library¶
Official Technical Documentation
FAQ Library
Product Information¶
1. What is AOD9604?¶
AOD9604 is a Synthetic peptide, HGH Fragment 176-191 manufactured by RPL Peptide as a research-grade material for laboratory use only.
2. What is the molecular weight and CAS number?¶
Refer to the Technical Data Sheet for the most current molecular weight and CAS number information for this product.
3. What purity does RPL Peptide supply?¶
RPL Peptide supplies AOD9604 at ≥98% as determined by HPLC analysis at 214 nm. Batch-specific purity is provided on the Certificate of Analysis.
Quality and Documentation¶
4. What documentation is included with each shipment?¶
Each shipment includes a Certificate of Analysis (COA), HPLC chromatogram, LC-MS data, and Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
5. Does RPL Peptide provide batch-specific data?¶
Yes. Each batch is individually tested and documented with batch-specific COA, HPLC chromatogram, and LC-MS data.
6. How does RPL Peptide ensure batch-to-batch consistency?¶
RPL Peptide maintains strict quality control with defined specifications for each quality parameter. All batches must meet the same release criteria, and deviations are investigated through the CAPA system.
7. What is the difference between peptide content and HPLC purity?¶
HPLC purity measures the percentage of the target compound peak area relative to all detected peaks. Peptide content measures the actual compound mass relative to the total lyophilized weight (which includes water, residual TFA, and counterions).
Handling and Usage¶
8. How should lyophilized AOD9604 be stored?¶
Store at -20°C, protected from light and moisture. Short-term storage at 2–8°C is acceptable for up to 12 months. Do not store at room temperature for extended periods.
9. What solvent should be used for reconstitution?¶
Sterile water-for-injection (WFI), PBS (pH 7.4), or 0.9% saline are recommended. The choice depends on the specific experimental requirements.
10. How long can reconstituted product be stored?¶
Reconstituted product is stable for up to 30 days at 2–8°C or up to 6 months at -20°C when properly aliquoted.
11. Can the product be vortexed?¶
No. Vortexing can cause aggregation. Gently swirl or invert to dissolve.
12. How many freeze-thaw cycles are acceptable?¶
We recommend no more than 3 freeze-thaw cycles. Aliquot into single-use portions to avoid repeated freeze-thaw.
13. What if the product does not dissolve completely?¶
(1) Allow more time — some compounds need 15–30 min. (2) Gently warm to 25°C. (3) Add 0.1% DMSO or acetic acid if compatible with downstream application.
14. Recommended concentration for cell-based assays?¶
Typical working concentrations: 1 nM to 10 µM. A full dose-response curve (8–10 points, half-log dilutions) is recommended.
Technical¶
15. How does AOD9604 compare to other compounds in its class?¶
As a Synthetic peptide, HGH Fragment 176-191 |, AOD9604 has specific structural and functional characteristics that distinguish it. For comparative data, contact RPL Peptide's technical support.
16. Key analytical methods used?¶
HPLC (purity and impurity profile), LC-MS (identity confirmation), amino acid analysis (if applicable), water content (Karl Fischer), endotoxin (LAL assay).
17. How to avoid aggregation during experiments?¶
(1) Avoid vortexing. (2) Filter buffers (0.22 µm). (3) Keep stock on ice. (4) Use low-binding plasticware. (5) Add compound to buffer, not buffer to compound.
18. Can AOD9604 be used in animal studies?¶
For laboratory research use only. In vivo use requires IACUC approval and applicable regulatory compliance.
19. Shipping conditions?¶
Standard: dry ice or ice packs depending on product stability profile. All shipments include temperature monitoring indicators.
20. Where to find more information?¶
Additional information in the Technical Data Sheet, White Paper, and Application Notes. For specific inquiries: www.rplpeptides.com.
Chapter 17: Peptide Glossary¶
Official Technical Documentation
Peptide Glossary
A¶
Amino Acid Analysis (AAA) — A method for determining the amino acid composition of a peptide by complete hydrolysis followed by chromatographic separation and quantification.
Amidation — A C-terminal modification where the carboxyl group is converted to an amide (-CONH₂), often improving stability and bioactivity.
B¶
Batch (Lot) — A specific quantity of material produced in a single manufacturing run under consistent conditions.
Bioassay — A method for determining the biological activity of a compound using living cells or organisms.
C¶
Certificate of Analysis (COA) — An official document listing the analytical results for a specific batch, including test parameters, specifications, and measured values.
C18 Column — The most common reversed-phase HPLC column, featuring octadecyl (C18) bonded silica for peptide separation.
Counterion — An ion of opposite charge associated with the peptide (commonly TFA⁻ or acetate⁻) that affects the total mass and solubility properties.
D¶
Deletion Sequence — An impurity where one or more amino acids are missing from the target sequence due to incomplete coupling during SPPS.
DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) — A polar aprotic solvent commonly used to dissolve hydrophobic compounds for cell-based assays. Use at ≤0.1% final concentration to avoid cytotoxicity.
E¶
Endotoxin — Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) components from Gram-negative bacterial cell walls. Measured by LAL (Limulus Amebocyte Lysate) assay to ensure safety.
ESI (Electrospray Ionization) — A soft ionization technique for mass spectrometry that produces multiply charged ions from solution-phase samples.
F¶
Fmoc Chemistry — A synthesis strategy using 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) as the temporary N-terminal protecting group in SPPS.
Freeze-Thaw Cycle — The process of freezing and thawing a sample. Repeated cycles can cause peptide degradation and aggregation.
G¶
GHS (Globally Harmonized System) — An international system for classifying and labeling chemicals based on their hazards.
Gradient (HPLC) — A solvent programming method where the mobile phase composition changes over time to achieve separation.
H¶
HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) — A chromatographic technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture.
Half-Life Extension — Strategies (PEGylation, fusion proteins, etc.) used to prolong the circulating half-life of peptides and proteins.
I¶
Impurity Profile — The complete characterization of all substances other than the target peptide in a sample.
Incretin — A hormone that stimulates insulin secretion in response to nutrient intake. GIP and GLP-1 are the primary incretin hormones.
K¶
Karl Fischer Titration — A method for determining water content in samples using coulometric or volumetric titration.
L¶
LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) — A hyphenated technique combining HPLC separation with mass spectrometric detection.
Lyophilization — A freeze-drying process that removes water from frozen material under vacuum, producing a stable powder with extended shelf life.
M¶
Mass Accuracy — The difference between measured and calculated mass, typically expressed in Da or ppm.
MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight) — A mass spectrometry technique for peptide and protein analysis.
Monoisotopic Mass — The mass calculated using the most abundant isotope of each element.
N¶
Ninhydrin Test — A colorimetric test for free amino groups, used in SPPS to monitor coupling efficiency (Kaiser test).
O¶
Oxidation — A degradation pathway where amino acid side chains (Met, Cys, Trp) react with oxygen.
Orthogonal Protection — A protection strategy using two or more independently removable protecting groups.
P¶
Peptide Bond — An amide bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another.
Peptide Content — The percentage of the desired peptide in relation to all peptide-related components. Determined by HPLC or AAA.
pI (Isoelectric Point) — The pH at which a peptide has no net electrical charge, affecting solubility and purification behavior.
R¶
Reconstitution — The process of dissolving lyophilized peptide in a suitable solvent for research use.
Reversed-Phase HPLC — The most common HPLC mode for peptide analysis, using a non-polar stationary phase (C18) and polar mobile phases (water/acetonitrile with TFA).
RP-HPLC (Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) — The standard method for peptide purity analysis and preparative purification.
S¶
SPPS (Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis) — A method for chemical synthesis of peptides where amino acids are sequentially coupled to a solid resin support.
Sequence (Amino Acid Sequence) — The linear order of amino acids in a peptide, which determines its three-dimensional structure and biological function.
T¶
TFA (Trifluoroacetic Acid) — A strong acid commonly used as an ion-pairing agent in HPLC mobile phases and present as a residual counterion in lyophilized peptides.
Truncation — An impurity resulting from incomplete chain assembly during synthesis, producing shorter peptide fragments.
U¶
UPLC (Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography) — A high-resolution variant of HPLC using sub-2 µm particle columns for faster, more efficient separations.
V¶
Validation (Method) — The process of demonstrating that an analytical method is suitable for its intended purpose, as defined by ICH Q2(R1).
W¶
Water Content — The percentage of water in a lyophilized peptide product, measured by Karl Fischer titration. Typically <5% for stable products.
Z¶
Z' Factor — A statistical measure of assay quality in high-throughput screening.
Chapter 18: Documentation Policy¶
Official Technical Documentation
Documentation Policy
Policy No.: RPL-DP-001
Effective Date: July 2026
Version: 1.0
1. Purpose¶
This policy defines the structure, content standards, revision control, and distribution guidelines for the RPL Peptide Official Technical Documentation series.
2. Scope¶
This policy applies to all official technical documentation published by RPL Peptide, including Technical Data Sheets, Certificates of Analysis, Product Specifications, Safety Data Sheets, HPLC and Mass Spectra Libraries, all guides, Analytical Methods, Quality Standards, White Papers, Technical Bulletins, Application Notes, FAQ Library, and Peptide Glossary.
3. Document Structure Standards¶
All official technical documents must include: Official Technical Documentation header followed by document type.
4. Version Control¶
| Element | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Version Number | X.Y format (X = major, Y = minor) |
| Review Frequency | Annually, or upon significant change |
| Archiving | Previous versions retained for audit trail |
5. Document Review and Approval¶
| Role | Responsibility |
|---|---|
| Author | Draft document; ensure technical accuracy |
| Technical Reviewer | Verify content and methodology |
| Quality Reviewer | Ensure compliance with standards |
| Approver | Final sign-off for publication |
6. Distribution¶
| Document Type | Distribution |
|---|---|
| Technical Data Sheets | Public — available on website |
| COA | Per batch — included with shipment |
| Guides | Public — available on website |
| White Papers | Public — available on website |
7. Document Retention¶
| Document Type | Retention Period |
|---|---|
| COA | 5+ years |
| Batch Records | 5+ years |
| Stability Data | Product shelf life + 2 years |
Document Revision History¶
| Version | Date | Author | Changes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | July 2026 | RPL Peptide Quality | Initial release |
© 2026 RPL Peptide
Official Technical Documentation
rplpeptides.com